Flow Chart:

Read the following text a make flow chart showing the famous diasporas and the causes of diasporas (no. 1 has been done for you).

1.The term ‘Diaspora’ is used to refer to people who have left their homeland and settled in other parts of the world, either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The word increasingly used for such people as a collective group and/or a community. The world has seen many Diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only on the recent decades.

Among the great Diasporas of history is that of this Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in an ancient times. The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian sub-continent thousands of years ago is also a net worthy Diaspora, although also cases of this Diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century history, the Palestine Diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas an Africa, too ,over the centuries, either because of war or because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the phenomenon of Diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.

2. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the birth and education of Chawla.

 Kalpana Chawla was born in Karnal, India. She completed her earlier schooling at Tagore Baal Niketan Senior Secondary School, Karnal. Sheis the first Indian–born woman and the second person in space from this sub-continent. After graduation in Aeronautical Engineering Collage, India, in 1982, Chawla moved to the United States the same year. She obtained her Master’s degree in Aerospace Engineering from the university of Texas in 1984. Later she did her Ph. D in Aerospace Engineering in 1988 from the University of Colorado.

3. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing important aspects of craftwork. (No, I have been done for you)

A craftwork is an applied form art, a social and cultural product reflecting the inclusive nature of folk imagination. A craftwork, which usually doesn’t bear the signature of its maker, retains a personal touch. When we look at a thirty year old nakshikantha we wonder and its motifs and designs that point to the artistic ingenuity and the presence of the maker in it. The fact that we don’t know her name or any other details about her doesn’t take anything away from our appreciation of the artist. Indeed, the intimate nature of the Kantha and the tactile feeling it generates animate the work and make it very inviting.

A craftwork is shaped by the interaction of individual creativity and community aesthetics, utility and function of human values. It is distinguished by its maker’s desire to locate himself or herself in the wider and ever-changing cultural aspirations of the community, and subsequently of the market

1.An applied form of art

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Other post : https://www.patwaryacademy.com/2023/09/unite-12-lesson-3-civic-engagement-for.html

4. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the activities of peace movement. (one is done for you)

A peace movement is a social movement that seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular war (or all wars), minimize inter-human

Violence in a particular place or type ortype situation, including ban of

Guns and is often linked to the goal of achieving world peace. Means to achieve this end include advocacy of pacifism, none-violent resistance, diplomacy, boycotts, demonstrations, peace campus; supporting anti-war political candidates and banning guns, creating open government, direct democracy; supporting people who expose war-crimes or conspiracies to create wars and making laws. Different organizations involved in peace movements may have some diverse goals, but one common goal is sustainability of peace.

5. Read the following the text and make a flow chart showing the situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh.

In Bangladesh, the legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys. However, 33 percent of adolescent girls are married before the age of 15 and 60 percent become mothers by the age of 19. Research finds that adolescents with higher level of education and from to marry at a later age. Boys, however, become ready for marriage only after several years of adolescence and young adulthood.

6. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the iconic images of Nelson Mandela (No.1 has been done for you)

 Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenging ringing from political repression to AIDS.

He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86^th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen: “Don’t call me, I call you.” But he reminded one of the world’s most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human dignity.

He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are, Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Novel Laureate for literature. once remarked

The years Mandela bars made him world’s most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South African and other oppressed people for beyond his country’s borders.

Charged with capital offences in the 1963 Ravinia Trial., his statement from the dock

was his political testimony.                                               

“During my lifetime have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.”

“I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities,” he told the court. “It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die”. Friends adored Mandela and fondly called him “Madiba” the clan name by which he was known. People lauded his humanity, kindness and dignity.

7. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the factors causing the disappearance of the mangrove forest. (One is done for you)

 A vast mangrove shared by Bangladesh and India that is home to possibly 500 Bengal tigers is being rapidly destroyed by erosion, rising sea levels and storm surges, according to a major study by researchers at the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and others.

The Sundarbans forest took the brunt of super cyclone Sidre in 2007, but new satellite studies show that 71% of the coastline is retreating by as much as 200 meters a year. If erosion continues at this peace, already threatened tiger populations living in the forest will be put further at risk.

Natalie Pettorelli, one of the report’s authors, said: “Coastline retreat is evident everywhere. A continuing rate of retreat would see these parts of the mangrove disappear within 50 years. On Indian side of the Sundarbans, the island which extends most into the Bay of Bengal has receded by an average of 150 meters a year, with a maximum of just over 200 meters; this would see the disappearance of the island in about 20 years.”

The Sundarbans is known for vanishing island but the scientists said the current retreat of the mangrove forest on the southern coastline is not normal. “The causes for increasing coastline retreat, other than direct anthropogenic ones, include increased frequency of storm surges and other extreme natural events, rises in sea level an increased salinity which increases the vulnerability of mangrove,” said Petronella.

Correct Answer:

1.Jewish people   -Aryans of Central Europe-  African people  -  Indian people  - Palestinian People – forced to leave country

2. Born in Kernel, India- earlier schooling, Tagore Bal Niketon- graduation, Punjab engineering college- moved to the USA for education- Master’s University of Texas- PhD from Colorado

3. An applied form of Art- a social and cultural product-  a reflection of inclusive nature-  a reflection of folk imagination- an interaction of community aesthetics

4.Endign of War- minimizing human violence-  Ban of Guns- Non-violent resistance-  Peace campus-  Creating open Government

5. Getting married early- Becoming mothers before 19- Dropping out of school- Losing their mobility- Getting confirmed to fulltime work- Loosing social and economical independence

6. An advocate of human dignity- Fought against the minority- Fought for people emancipation- Brought down apartheid- Embodied struggle for justice

7.Frequent storm surges- Erosion of forest- Salinity of water- Rise of global temperature- Tital waves and cyclones- Rise of sea level